Do Ear Infections Impact Child Development?

Ear infections are extremely common in young children, with most experiencing at least one before the age of two. While a single ear infection is generally not a cause for alarm, frequent or recurring infections and fluid build-up can lead to long-term issues that may require attention.

What Are Ear Infections? 

An ear infection occurs when bacteria or viruses cause inflammation behind the eardrum. This often results in pain, fever and decreased hearing. Fluid can also accumulate in the ear, either due to a recent infection or other factors, and may linger even after the infection has cleared. Both infections and fluid build-up are forms of otitis media, but an infection is referred to as "suppurative" when pus is present.

Symptoms of Ear Infections in Children 

The most common sign of an ear infection is pain, but since infants and toddlers cannot easily express discomfort, parents should watch for the following symptoms:

• Fever
• Ear discharge
• Reduced hearing
• Balance problems
• Excessive crying or fussiness
• Pulling or touching the ear frequently

The Impact of Recurring Ear Infections 

The critical period for language development is between six and 18 months, which is also when ear infections are most common. Repeated infections or fluid build-up can cause temporary hearing loss, potentially delaying speech and language development if not addressed.

Preventing Ear Infections 

While it’s impossible to completely prevent ear infections, there are steps you can take to help reduce the risk.

“Prevention and treatment of ear infections is so important in maximizing development of communication and language development during the first two years of life.  The first 6-9 months of life is the highest risk time due to exposures and lack of immunity,” said Dr. Thomas Foster,Trinity Health Medical Group, Primary Care & Pediatrics - NW Grand Rapids.  “Vaccines have been crucial in reducing infections. Documenting ear infections and responses to antibiotic treatment is important in monitoring for reoccurrence and complications.” 

Other ways to help with prevention include eliminating tobacco smoke, breastfeeding your child and practicing good hygiene and handwashing.

If your child is showing signs of recurring ear infections, talk with your child’s pediatrician for advice and treatment. Looking for a pediatrician? Our health care team provides exceptional medical care for the entire family. Learn more.